Exprimer l'obligation
On utilise :
- Sujet + must + Verb + object.
- Sujet + have to / has to + Verb + object.
- Sujet + Have got to / has got to + Verb + object.
- It's an obligation to___________
- It's compulsory to___________
- It's mandatory to___________
- To be required to___________
Example :
- Students must respect the school regulation.
Les élèves doivent respecter le règlement intérieur de l'école. - Sick people have to see a doctor.
Les personnes malades doivent consulter un médecin. - It's compulsory to register children at school.
Il est obligatoire d'inscrire les enfants à l'école.
Exprimer la prohibition ou l'interdiction (prohibition)
On utilise :
- Sujet + mustn't + base form + object.
- Sujet + not to be allowed to + Verb
- It's forbidden to___________
- No + Verb + ING
Example :
- Muslims mustn't drink alcohol.
Les musulmans ne doivent pas boire d'alcool. - You mustn't smoke, my child.
Tu ne dois pas fumer, mon enfant.
Exprimer la nécessité (necessity)
On utilise :
- Sujet + need + object
- Sujet +need + base form / to + verb + object
- It's necessary to ___________
- It's a necessity to___________
Example :
- You need to wear a helmet when you ride.
Tu dois porter un casque quand tu fais du vélo. - It's necessary to learn your lessons to have good marks.
Il est nécessaire d'apprendre tes leçons pour avoir de bonnes notes.
Exprimer le manque de nécessité (lack of necessity)
On utilise :
- Sujet + needn't + base form + object
- Sujet + don't / doesn't + need to + base form + object.
- Sujet + don't / doens't + have to + base form + object.
- It's not necessary to ___________
- It's not a necessity to ___________
Example :
- You needn't wait for me. I won't come with you.
Tu n'as pas besoin de m'attendre. Je ne viendrai pas avec toi. - You don't need to speak louder. We can hear you.
Tu n'as pas besoin de parler plus fort. Nous pouvons t'entendre.